Types of pelvic

 pelvic is divided in to 4 types according to the shape of the brim.

1. Gynecoid - 

it is normal female pelvic. this type of pelvic seen in 50% females. 

INLET

Shapes - Round 

anterior posterior segments - almost equal and spacious.

CAVITY 

Sacrosciatic notch - wide and shallow

Sidewall - straight or slightly divergent .

OUTLET

ischial spines - not prominent

pubic arch - curved

subpubic angle - wide 

Bituberous diameter -  Normal 

2. Anthropoid - 

INTEL 

shape - anterior posterior oval 

anterior and posterior segment - both increased with slight anterior narrowing.

CAVITY

sacrosciatic notch - more wide and shallow 

side wall - straight or divergent 

OUTLET

ischial spines - not prominent

pubic arch - long and curved 

subpubic angle - slightly narrow 

Bituberous diameter - normal or short.

3. Android 

INLET

shape - triangular, Heart shape 

anterior and posterior segment - posterior segment short and anterior segment narrow

CAVITY

sacrosciatic notch - narrow and deep

sidewall - convergent

OUTLET

Ischial spine - prominent

pubic arch - long and straight

subpubic angle - narrow 

Bituberous diameter - short

4. Platypelloid 

INLET

shape - transversely oval

anterior and posterior segment - both reduced flat

CAVITY

sacrosciatic notch - slightly narrow and small

sidewall - divergent

OUTLET

ischial spines - not prominent 

pubic arch - short and curved 

subpubic angle - very wide (more than 90)

Bituberous diameter - wide

drugs of choice

Drug of choices for gonorrhea – ceftriaxone

Drug of choices for hyperthyroidism – prothiouracil

Drugs of choices in hypothyroidisms – levothyroxine                                                                                    

Drug of choices for hyperthyroidism in children – thyroxine

Drugs of choices for hyperprolactinemia – bromocriptine

Drugs of choices for ectopic pregnancy – methotrexate

Drugs of choices for induction of labor – oxytocin

Drugs of choices for asthma – beta agonist

Drugs of choices for postpartum breast engorgement – oxytocin

Drug of choices for seizure in eclampsia – magnesium sulphate

Drug of choice for malaria in pregnancy – chloroquine

Drugs of choices for anticoagulation in pregnancy – heparin

Type 2 DM – metformin

Ectopic pregnancy – methotrexate

ECT – methohexitone

Epilepsy – thiopentone

Groups B streptococcal infection – ampicillin

Rheumatic fever – benzathine penicillin

Anaphylactic shock – adrenaline

Septic shock – broad spectrum antibiotics

Open angle glaucoma – latanoprost

True labor pain and false labor pains

True labor pain :-

The pain arises in back, radiates to the front of abdomen and thighs

Intermittent in nature with increase in intensity, frequency and duration. 

Associated with hardening of uterus due to retraction of muscle fibers. 

Expulsion of show which is the mucus plug mixed with blood from the ruptured capillaries of the cervix. 

Dilation of internal os. 

Formation of bag of water due to stretching of the lower uterine segment and detachment of membrane from decidua. 

Pain occur due to uterine contraction. 

False labor pain :-

Pain occur in the lower abdomen and groin only and remains stationary in the lower abdomen. 

Pain continuous without any rhythmicity. 

There is no harding of uterus. 

No effect on dilatation of cervix and no show. 

No formation of bag of waters. 

Pain diminishes after enema. 

obstetrics terminology

 

                                               Terminology

Nullipara – A women who has never completed her pregnancy to the state of viability.

Nulligravida – A women who is not now and never has been pregnant.

Primipara – women who has delivered on viable child.

Primigravida – A women who is pregnant for the first time.

Multigravida – women who has previously been pregnant. She may have aborted or have delivered a viable birth.

Multipara – A women who has completed two or more pregnancy to the state of viability.

Parturient – A women who is in labor consider parturient.

Puerpera – A women who has just given birth to the baby.